罗汉果生长温度因子分析

罗汉果主产于我国南方桂林山区，其中以永福县龙江乡到临桂县茶洞乡一带的山区为道地产区，对永福县龙江乡及周边乡罗汉果生长季节的月平均温度及≥10℃活动积温进行了统计分析，结果表明：永福县龙江乡在罗汉果生长季节的月平均温度及≥10℃活动积温与周边乡有显著的差异，为罗汉果生长条件温度因子的选择及科学引种提供了科学依据。     

金樱子黄酮类化合物提取条件研究

在60℃条件下,分别用水、不同浓度的丙酮和乙醇作溶剂来提取金樱子黄酮,通过比较提取液中金樱子黄酮含量,得出丙酮法是3种提取法中的最优方法。对丙酮法做正交实验,得到金樱子黄酮类化合物提取的优化条件。虽然乙醇法不及丙酮法效果好,但考虑到乙醇成本低、易操作,故对乙醇法也做了正交实验。结果表明,丙酮法提取金樱子黄酮类化合物的最佳条件:丙酮浓度为70%、水浴温度为50℃、固液比为1∶100、提取液中黄酮含量为0.7570mg/ml;而乙醇法最佳提取条件:乙醇浓度为60%、水浴温度为70℃、固液比为1∶150、提取液中黄酮含量为0.7030mg/ml。     

秦岭南坡中山地带华北落叶松人工林对土壤的影响

秦岭南坡中山地带华北落叶松人工林对土壤的影响雷瑞德，党坤良，张硕新，谭芳林（西北林学院森林资源保护系杨陵７１２１００）关键词华北落叶松，土壤养分状况，阳离子交换量，酶活华北落叶松（Ｌａｒｉｘｐｒｉｎｃｉｐｉｓ－ｒｕｐｐｒｅｃｈｃｉｉＭａｒｙｒ．）天然...     

毛竹尖胸沫蝉预测预报初步研究

提出了毛竹尖胸沫蝉林间虫情调查的最适取样数的确定方法,采用期距法进行该虫发生期中、短期预报;提出查5龄若虫的虫口密度预测来年低龄若虫的虫口基数,为该虫的预测预报提出了科学的方法。     

柏木混交林类型分布立地条件的研究

本项研究应用主成分排序方法研究四川盆地4种天然柏木混交林分布与立地条件的关系,结果表明:区域内影响柏木混交林类型分布的主导立地因子是地形、土层厚度、水湿状况、土壤碳酸钙含量、pH值等。桤柏混交林主要分布在山中下部平缓的台阶低洼地带,水湿条件较好,土层深厚的地方;栎柏混交林主要分布在山中上部干燥瘠薄的立地上,生产力低;桤栎柏混交林介于二者之间;松柏混交林要求土壤中碳酸钙含量低,土壤呈微酸性至中性反应。林下灌木树种分布与立地条件因子无明显规律性。     

金沙江干热河谷立地类型的划分及其造林技术措施

通过对金沙江干热河谷实地考察与资料分析,初步划定了各地干热河谷的上限和层域范围。提出了地形是影响金沙江干热河谷水分变化的主要因子,确定以坡向和坡位作为金沙江干热河谷立地类型划分的主要依据,划分的立地类型分别是:坡上灌丛区,分坡上灌丛区阴坡类型、坡上灌丛区阳坡类型;坡下草丛区,分坡下草丛区阴坡类型、坡下草丛区阳坡类型;坡足冲积区;河谷平坝区。据此,针对干热河谷各立地类型的特点提出了相应的造林技术措施。     

光照条件对小报春生长及光合特性的影响

小报春Primulaforbesii是一种观赏价值高,生态适应性强,具有园林应用潜力的野生花卉.在将其引种后应用于园林的过程中,特别对其引种后在不同光照条件下的生长情况及光合特性进行了研究分析.结果表明:1)在大气CO2浓度下,光强是影响小报春光合作用的关键因子;2)小报春的光补偿点在26.18～43.10μmol·m-2s-1之间,饱和点低于1400μmol·m-2s-1;3)小报春植株有一定的耐荫性,不适合在强阳光直射的地方生长,种植应用时应给予一定的侧方遮荫.     

树木引种驯化的生态限制条件探索

在昆明树木园的树木引种驯化工作中 ,探讨了引种树木的生存、生长、发育受引种地常年性和偶发性生态条件影响的程度以及引种树种对新环境条件的适应能力。一定的生态环境 ,对一些树种是适生条件 ,对另一些树种则是生存、生长发育的限制条件。这决定于树木的遗传变异性。由于各树种的遗传变异性不同 ,因而在受引种地生态条件影响的程度上存在种间差异 ,相同树种个体间也存在一定的遗传差异 ,种内在受引种地生态条件影响的程度上也存在着个体差异。引种树木对引种地的新环境的适应能力可分为相似生态适应能力、潜在适应能力和可塑性适应能力。这种适应能力也存在种间和种内个体差异 ;适应能力的大小是该引种树木在新环境中能否存活以致正常生长发育的关键。研究引种地常年性和偶发性生态条件对引种树木的影响和引种树木的适应能力 ,可以开扩树木引种驯化视野 ,使树木的引种驯化工作取得显著成效     

Comparison of image and rapid field assessments of riparian zone condition in Australian tropical savannas

Suitable methods for measuring and monitoring the condition of riparian environments are being investigated by government agencies responsible for maintaining these environments in Australia. The objective of this work was to compare two riparian condition assessment approaches, the Tropical Rapid Appraisal of Riparian Condition (TRARC) method developed for rapid on-ground assessment of the environmental condition of savanna riparian zones and an image based riparian condition monitoring scheme. Measurements derived from these two approaches were compared and correlated. The sample representativeness of the TRARC method was evaluated and the cost-effectiveness and suitability for multi-temporal analysis of the two approaches were assessed. Two high spatial resolution multi-spectral QuickBird satellite images captured in 2004 and 2005 and coincident field data covering sections of the Daly River in the Northern Territory, Australia were used in this work. Both field and image data were processed to map indicators of riparian zone condition including percentage canopy cover, organic litter on the ground, canopy continuity, tree clearing, bank stability, and flood damage. Spectral vegetation indices, image segmentation, and supervised classification were used to produce riparian health indicator maps. QuickBird image data were used to examine if the spatial distribution of TRARC transects provided a representative sample of ground based estimates of riparian health indicators. Covering approximately 3% of the study area, the sample mean of the TRARC estimates of individual indicators of riparian zone condition were in most cases within 20% of the global mean derived from the whole imaged riparian area. The cost-effectiveness of the image based approach was compared to that of the ground based TRARC method. Results showed that the TRARC method was more cost-effective at spatial scales from 1 km to 200 km of river in relatively homogeneous riparian zones along rivers with only one channel, while image based assessment becomes more feasible at regional scales (200–2000 km of river). A change detection analysis demonstrated that image data can provide detailed information on gradual change, while the TRARC method is less suited for multi-temporal analysis due to the ranked data format, which inhibits precise detection of change. However, results from both methods were considered to complement each other for single date assessment of riparian zones if used at appropriate spatial scales.     

昆明地区昭觉林蛙种群的繁殖研究

2004年10月～2006年12月观察了昆明地区昭觉林蛙(Rana chaochiaoensis)的产卵期、产卵量、孵化时间、孵化率以及蝌蚪期持续时间等.结果显示,昆明地区昭觉林蛙的产卵期为每年10～11月;产卵量平均为1 859.92粒·团-1;完成胚胎发育期全过程需8～9d;蝌蚪孵化率达99%以上;蝌蚪期持续时间为6个月,Ⅰ期蝌蚪发育历时130d,Ⅱ期蝌蚪发育需42d,从蝌蚪进入第Ⅲ期到观察超过50%的幼蛙登陆为10d左右.昭觉林蛙繁殖时对产卵场的选择条件为足够的水域面积、水温和丰富的水草.